The antenna miniaturization concept (AMC) and airgap matching technique (AMT) are introduced as an advance concept and technique in antenna design, having advantages both in realization and in electrical performance with respect to other miniaturized antennas; with the AMC the aperture area of antenna is considerably reduced; the AMT is applicable for matching the extremely high aperture reflection of the miniaturized antennas. The E-plane step has been incorporated with the miniaturized antennas. A class of miniaturized antennas is proposed (dielectric filled waveguide antennas, microstrip-like antennas, and E-plane stepped microstrip-like antennas). The aperture admittance model is modeled for the unknown aperture characteristics, the single and multiple airgap matching network are developed, the E-plane stepping is formulated. Theories are checked with experiments.
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