Nuclear pollutant detection system based on photon counting

摘要

The process that the alpha particles emitted by the nuclear pollutants react with the nitrogen molecules in the air will produce ultraviolet photons with wavelengths of 280-390 nm, which can be detected by a photomultiplier tube. In this paper, a set of nuclear pollutant detection system based on photon counting detection system is designed. Firstly, the principle and development of nuclear pollution detectors and the development status of single photon detection technology are introduced. Then the overall system structure is introduced, the system is mainly composed of mechanical baffle, filter, photomultiplier, photon counter and upper computer software. The photon counter is composed of the preamplifier module, the signal discriminating circuit module and the pulse counting module. Finally, the detection experiment of the nuclear standard source is carried out, and the experimental results are analyzed. The analysis results show that the system can be used for the detection of nuclear pollutants in alpha particle sources.