Influence of Probiotic Preparations on Meat Quality of Farm Animals

摘要

The use of probiotic additives that contribute to the normalization of microbiocenosis of the animal body, as well as their resistance to pathogenic microflora, which ultimately affects the increase in meat productivity is promising for the livestock industry. The aim of the research was to study the effect of probiotic preparation "Subtilis-C" on the productivity and quality, on the meat quality of pigs and rabbits in industrial technology. Two groups of hybrid young animals (large white x Landras x pietren (terminal line MAXGRO) of pigs of 35-day age of 15 heads were formed for carrying out scientific and economic experiment by the method of pairs-analogues. In the main period of the experiment, the animals of the control group received the main ration (MR), consisting of complete all-mash: SC 4-7; experimental - (MR) plus the preparation "Subtilis C" as part of the feed at a dosage of 0.4 g/kg of feed. The studies were conducted on the basis of the industrial complex to produce pork in the Liskinsky district of the Voronezh region. During the study animals were clinically healthy and were in the same conditions. To evaluate the effect of the probiotic preparation "Subtilis" when fattening young rabbits 30 rabbits (males) of hy brid breeds, New Zealand red and Soviet chinchilla were selected at the age of 60 days, and on the principle of groups of analogues they were divided into 3 groups of with 10 heads in each. Studies were conducted concerning the number of young rabbits in the private sector of the Voronezh region in 2018. Rabbits of group 1 (control) received only all-mash PK-90, rabbits of groups 2 and 3 were given, in addition to the main diet, the probiotic preparation "Subtilis C" composed of all-mash in a dosage of 3 g/kg (rabbits of experimental group 1) and 4 g/kg of feed (rabbits of experimental group 2). It was found that during the main period of scientific and economic experience the absolute increase in live weight of young pigs of the control group amounted to 79.70 kg, those of experimental - 82.60 kg, which is more than the animals of the control group, respectively, by 2.70 kg. The results of the control slaughter showed that the slaughter live weight of pigs of the experimental group in comparison with the animals of the control group was higher, respectively, by 3.56 kg. Upon reaching the slaughter age (120 days) rabbits of the 1st group (control) were characterized by live weight, which was less than the mass of individuals of the 2nd group (1st experimental group) by 138.0 g, or 4.31% (P < 0.05), the 3rd group (2nd experimental group) - by 324.7 g, or 10.15% (P < 0.01). The highest pre-slaughter weight of young rabbits was (3245 g) in experimental group 2 and in comparison with the control one it was higher by 165.7 g, or 5.38% (p < 0.05). The carcass yield in the 2nd experimental group was 62.33%, which is more than in the control group and 1st experimental group by 6.86 and 2.12%, respectively. The level of profitability of pork production was higher in the experimental group compared to the control group by 3.6%, rabbit production - by 1.8% (in the 1st experimental group) and 2.6% (in the 2nd experimental group) higher compared to the control group of rabbits. Thus, the preparation "Subtili-C" is a promising product of a number of probiotics used in animal feeding and allows obtaining environmentally friendly products of pig and rabbit breeding with improved economic performance.