Using of electronic field database for analysis of the effectiveness of agricultural technologies

摘要

In this article, we are talking about the example of using an electronic database on the state and functioning of agricultural landscapes (fields) which was created in the Kurgan Research and Development Agricultural Institute for the calculation of economic effectiveness for each field, analysis, and design of management solutions in crop production. This method is based on the system analysis of database and cost estimates for technological maps of each field. Production data of Kurgan R&D Agricultural Institute, a branch of the Federal State Budgetary Scientific Institution "Ural Federal Agrarian R&D Center" of the Ural Branch of the Russian Academy of Sciences were used for completing information in the database. Registered here agronomical information made it possible to calculate economic parameters taking into account the characteristics of each field and to choose the most efficient agricultural technologies. Results 2017-2018 showed a significant difference in the profitability of grain production among the fields from -22% to 119%. Factors that determined high economic effect were highlighted: fallow previous crop, Raduga variety, rust-tolerant, seeding using SKP-2,1 plow planter, using of high-performance Acros 530 combine harvester. Production experience showed differences in responsiveness to fertilizer in different fields in contrast to the same technology of spring wheat cultivation. The following possible reasons were analyzed: differences in particle size distribution (heavy and middle loam ordinary chernozem), humus (3.9 and 3.0%) and phosphorus (71 and 104 mg/kg of soil) content in the soil.