Analysis of Environmental Behavior of Sulfa drugs in the Lake Biwa and Yodo River Basin by Using Multimedia Model

摘要

Sulfa drugs, also called sulfonamides, as one of the active substances of pharmaceutical and personal care products (PPCPs), are widely used for both human and animal health. Some have been frequently detected in trace amounts from the environmental media, especially water bodies, such as river and lake [1]. When sulfa drugs are used for animals, the contained substances are metabolized in their body, and then discharged as manure. Unlike human wastes treated in the Waste Water Treatment Plants (WWTPs), most of manure are reused in farmland after composting treatment while some of them are not subject to carbonization and even discharged to the environment directly by field piling and digging.