Scientific Support of Temporary Highways (Winter Roads) Operation Processes in the Russia Arctic Zone

摘要

Nowadays, research activities of some countries in northern polar region of the Earth have intensified in the world. Various international scientific Arctic programs have revived, in which Russia, the United States and Canada hold key positions. This interest is primarily due to the rich resources of these territories - oil, gas condensate, mineral. Accelerated development of the Arctic, including coast and shelf of Arctic seas, which is a condition for enhancing Russia's economic potential, means intensive territory development with creation of appropriate infrastructure, transport and communications. At the same time, extreme climatic, difficult mining and geological and extremely unfavorable socio-economic conditions must be taken into account.