Grid-connected microgrids (MG) are one of the solutions to the depletion of fossil fuels, the environmental impact and high carbon emission produced by current infrastructure. They are cost-effective and helps to decrease the environmental impacts (Jiayi, Chuanwen and Rong, 2008). An MG is defined as a number of sources and loads that can operate as a stand-alone or grid-connected controllable systems providing electricity and heat ((Jiayi, Chuanwen and Rong, 2008), (Driesen, Katiraei and Leuven, 2008)). Distributed generation (DG) technologies are being used in MGs vastly, and due to the intermittent nature of DGs, employment of energy storage systems (ESS) is crucial (Zhang, Tang and Qi, 2010). Amongst various types of ESS, battery and supercapacitor combination is one of the best combinations because of their complementary characteristics. The battery supercapacitor hybrid storage (BSHS) combination has the advantages including high power density of supercapacitor and high energy density of batteries (Zhang, Tang and Qi, 2010). Therefore, the BSHS can achieve fast response and long term energy supply support (Abbey, Strunz and Joos, 2009). In addition, adopting supercapacitor in an MG results in a smaller ESS size, improvement of frequency regulation and extension of battery lifespan.
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