Artificial Intelligence in the Criminal Justice System: Leading Trends and Possibilities

摘要

This paper focuses on the transformation of criminal proceedings in the framework of the development of digital technologies in the international space, in which a significant place belongs to artificial intelligence. We demonstrate that a variety of digital tools in legal proceedings is used by the United States where legal start-ups specializing in Artificial Intelligence (AI) are capable determine the content of a future court decision with a high degree of probability. One can see that most of the European Union (EU) Member States already apply advanced technologies in their legal systems and for legal support. Nevertheless, an issue of using the AI in legal proceedings calls for a deeper dialogue on its affinity with the principles of the European Convention on Human Rights (ECHR). With regard to the above, it might be useful to employ the European Ethical Charter on the Use of Artificial Intelligence that provides five basic principles that define the role and place of AI in legal proceedings. This paper focuses on the leading trends and possibilities for using AI in the criminal justice system.