Energy-efficient train driving strategy is an effective way to reduce the energy consumption of train operations. Based on the classic energy-efficient driving strategy approach, this paper studies the influence of the on-board energy storage on the optimal train driving strategy. Firstly, this paper applies the dynamic programming algorithm to obtain the energy-efficient driving strategy for a single train in one interval, especially with considering the variety of conditions of line as well as the traction and braking characteristic of the vehicle. Then, based on the result of the energy-efficient driving strategy, an optimal control approach of the capacitor discharging in train operations is proposed in this paper to analyze the influence of the usage of regenerative energy of on-board capacitor on the net energy consumption of the train. Furthermore, a numerical algorithm is designed to solve the problem of the optimal discharge strategy of the vehicle capacitor. Finally, a case study is conducted based on the actual line and vehicle data. The simulated results show that the utilization of regenerative braking energy can reduce the energy consumption by 17.4% by applying the proposed approach
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