Recultivation of soils contaminated with oil (50 g/kg) by earthworms E. fetida, E. andrei, D. veneta and their probiotics

摘要

The recultivation technology is developed for soils contaminated with oil in concentration of 50 g/kg for one year under the weather conditions of Western Siberia with biopreparation obtained from E. andrei, D. veneta earthworm coprolite and E. fetida, E. andrei, D. veneta earthworm vermiculture. The microflora composition of E. andrei, D. veneta coprolites is studied. The coprolites are used to obtain microorganisms-oil-destructors acting as a foundation of biopreparation "Californian" containing Bacillus careus, Bacillus mucoides, Bacillus thuringiens, Enterobacter cloacae, Lysinibacillus fusiformis, Pseudomonas putida, Pseudomonas aeruginosa (CFU - 1*10~(13)) and preparation "Dendrobaena" having Bacillus careus, Bacillus mucoides, Bacillus thuringiens, Enterobacter cloacae, Lysinibacillus fusiformis (CFU 1*10~(11)). The recultivation technology efficiency is determined for soils contaminated with oil and petroleum in concentration of 50 g/kg with biopreparations "Californian" and "Dendrobena" and earthworms E. fetida, E. andrei, D. veneta. The earthworms are highly potential in hydrocarbons removal even from the soils with oil concentrations up to 50 g/kg. The introduction of biopreparations increases the survival and reproductive potential of the earthworm in oil contaminated soils and results in significant removal of oil and petroleum hydrocarbons after 20-22 weeks in laboratory experiments. The method of recultivating oil-contaminated soil with oil concentrations up to 50 g/kg in presence of probiotic microorganisms and earthworms Eisenia fetida, Dendrobaena veneta, Eisenia andrei is proposed. Decontamination and recovery of the ecological functions of the oil- and other petrochemicals-contaminated substrates is carried out due to the following method: the substrate is treated with biopreparation, ploughed with a single-furrow plow and put under the steam for 1 month; afterwards, the earthworms are added in the amount of 1,000 per 1 m~2 of the soil; and then, cow dung is added as a nutritional medium in the amount of 1 t per 1 ha of contaminated soil.