The paper deals with the task of measuring emotions that most likely arise as a result of certain acoustic impacts. This task is of interest for musicology, philology, medicine, robotics, etc. A measurement model is presented that reflects a "mechanism" of forming the emotions. Analysis of evolution of animal's bioacoustic signals, calculations, and experiments have made it possible to justify the model. The subjectivity of well-known emotion scales is shown. For the model, a new scale is proposed and grounded that can provide the metrological traceability of measurement results. The model enables explaining changes in emotional perception of acoustic impacts. A method is proposed to diagnose infant's emotional development based on sounds of cry and other vocalizations.
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