Research of the geological factors of coal deposits in the south of the Far East by electrical exploration methods

摘要

Coal deposits in the south of the Far East are characterized by complex geological factors, which is due to the inclined occurrence the enclosing layers and coal seams, high pressure of underground water, the presence of water-bearing sandy-pebble and gravel-pebble sediments, the presence of numerous faults and various inclusions, the presence of island permafrost. In the exploration of deposits, the low efficiency of previously used electrical exploration methods, including electrical sounding and profiling, was noted. In this paper, it is shown that increasing efficiency in the solution of some mining and geological tasks is associated with the use of the electrical tomography method. This method has advantages in the conditions of weak differentiation of rock resistivity due to the high density of obtained parameters. With the use of electrical tomography, the tasks in the allocation of tectonic disturbances and coal seams uplift under quaternary sediments, estimation of the landslide slopes structures on the coal pit edges have been solved. Successful results were obtained in isolating the weathered layer of the bedrock, sandstone outcrops under the soil-vegetative layer in the upper part of the section, the bedrock surface on the deposit's flanks and the covers of effusive rocks on the surface.