Determination of sorption characteristics of soils in dependence on factors affecting processes of vertical migration of ~(137)Cs and ~(90)Sr radionuclides

摘要

Uptake of radionuclides by soils and introduction of them into food chains significantly depend on the character of interaction between radionuclides and soils as well as on migration ability of radionuclides. This work deals with the study of the main factors affecting radionuclides vertical distribution such as acidity, moisture capacity, content of humus, ion exchange capacity and grain size composition of the soil. It was shown that the studied soil had a high humus content, elevated acidity and high moisture. Mineral composition of various fractions of the soil was almost identical excluding various content of microconstituents. Sorption characteristics of the soil were determined under static and dynamic conditions. It was shown that ~(137)Cs had a strong affinity for aqueous phase resulting in its intensive vertical migration. By contrast, ~(90)Sr showed a significant affinity for soil resulting in its fixation in upper soil layers.