The Effects of Guided Inquiry and Modified Free Inquiry Learning Models on Students' Higher Order Thinking Skills for the Topic of Human Respiratory System at SMA Negeri 1 Labuhan Deli

摘要

The aims of this quasi experiment research were to determine the differences of students' higher order thinking skills about the topic of human respiratory system using the guided inquiry (GI) and modified free inquiry (MFI) learning models at SMA 1 Labuhan Deli. The population of this study were all students of class XI MIA at SMA Negeri 1 Labuhan Deli of the academic year 2016/2017, amounting to 90 students consisting of 3 classes each of 30 students. The sample was taken in total, namely the class XI MIA_3 was applied by the GI learning model, class XI MIA_2 was applied by the MFI learning model and class XI MIA, was applied by conventional learning model. The research design used was pretest-posttest control group design. Pretests were given before the learning models would be applied while post-tests were given after the instruction ended. The research instrument consisted of 12-higher order thinking ability essay test items according to Bloom's Taxonomy, containing the items of analysis (C4), evaluation (C5) and creation (C6). Data were analyzed by covariate analysis technique (ANCOVA) followed by Tukey's test with a significant level of α = 0.05. The results of ANCOVA showed that there were significant effects of learning models (GI, MFI and conventional) on students' higher order thinking skills (F = 5.845; P = 0.004). The results of Tukey's showed that students' higher order thinking skills taught by the GI learning model were significantly different from the MFI and conventional learning models. The students' higher order thinking skills who were taught by GI learning model (78±7.95) higher than the MFI learning model (71.67±7.52) and conventional learning model (73.07 ± 7.11). The findings of this study implied the importance of the inquiry model to be applied in Biology learning to improve the higher order thinking skills of high school students.