Use of Hollow Microneedle Drug Delivery Systems in Treatment of Diabetes Mellitus

摘要

Use of microneedles as drug delivery systems provides a number of benefits to patients. Easier and simple drug use, reduced side effects, and incontinence are some of them. Microstock patch has been developing for the last few decades and they represent minimally invasive way for administration drugs in organism through the skin (transdermal administration). One of the approaches “poke with patch” uses microneedles to make holes (Hollow microneedles) and then apply a transdermal (TD) patch to the skin surface. TD drug delivery can improve compliance, minimize peaks, provide continuous drug administration and troughs in plasma levels during the day. These systems can take the place of more risky and invasive injection-based drug delivery (such as insulin injection). Objective of this paper is to research and present the application of hollow microneedles in treating diabetes and to compare it with conventional application of the drug. The drugs that we processed are metformin, insulin and exendin. Metformin is effective for treating diabetic patients therapeutically and preventively, maximizing the use of the current diabetes patch device. The main lack of conventional application of insulin is the fact that the application itself isn't optimal for a patient. TD1 showed significant improvement at level of absorption and bioavailability of the drug. New findings indicate that Exendin-4 diabetes microneedles can potentially replace the currently used subcutaneous (SC) injections because they can effectively reduce blood-glucose levels in patients with type 2 diabetes and are convenient to use.