Sustainable Use and Management of Sloping Fields in the Mountainous Area of Vietnam: Present Situation and Solution

摘要

Vietnam has a total natural area of 33,096,700 hectares. Of which, agricultural land is 26,822,900 ha, including agricultural land of 10,231,700 hectares and forest land of 15,845,200 hectares; unused hill and mountainous land of 1,987,400 hectares. According to the recent survey data on sloping fields, the upland areas of ethnic minorities in upland provinces is currently about 1.2 million hectares and are distributed at altitudes of 300m or more, including: 597,920 hectares of rotational sloping fields at altitudes of 300-700m; 293,680 hectares of upland area at elevations of 700- 000m; 267,710 hectares of upland area at elevations of 1000-1700m; 40,390 hectares of upland area from 1,700m or more. Cultivation method of upland is mainly extensive cultivation, forest burning, cuttings and seedlings. Crop productivity depends entirely on nature and land. Crop structure in slope cultivation remains rarely changed: the area of food crops such hilly rice, cassava, corn and sweet potato accounts for 70-75% of cultivated area. Area of other crops such as squash, vegetables, beans, industrial plants, local specialties accounts for 25-30%. Production is self-demand-self supply for the daily demand, fragmented, small, with little or no ability to produce goods. Solutions are such as planning and stable and long term upland allocation; Promotion of advocacy and strengthening agricultural and forestry extension; In terms of policies and mechanisms; Scientific and technological solutions; Strengthening guidance, inspection and supervision; ... will solve the problems is that besides maintaining the practice of shifting cultivation, but not large forest destruction; Sustainable slope cultivation on the basis of ecological environment protection; Ensuring the friendliness of economic development to improve living standards and protection of forest resources and natural environment.