Research on PPP Financing Model of Ecological Compensation

摘要

Ecological compensation is an effective means of protecting the ecological environment and promoting the harmonious development of man and nature, foreign countries often adopt the way of market compensation based on the perspective of the market compensation and get the better effect; however, in China, due to the reason of system, most of them rely on the government compensation, which can result in the lack of funds for compensation with the low compensation efficiency, therefore, the effect of compensation is limited. At present, domestic parties are actively exploring the mechanism of market compensation, the key of market mechanism is the funding sources of compensation. Therefore, in this paper, it takes resolving this problem as the starting point, making analysis on the advantages and disadvantages of the compensation funds that mainly relies on the government in China, through making comparative analysis, drawing lessons from domestic and international practice and views, putting forward the PPP financing model of ecological compensation, analyzing its necessity and feasibility, exploring and discussing the operating mechanism, so as to solve the problem of the source of compensation funds, which can have theoretical and practical significance. The characteristics of ecological resources of public goods makes the usage of ecological resources and consumption be non exclusive, which can result in the "tragedy of the public places", thus, the ecological environment is destroyed seriously, environmental problems such as air pollution, water pollution and so on become serious threat to human survival and development, therefore, one of the effective means for solving this problem is the ecological compensation, all over the world has reached a consensus. At present, China's ecological compensation in theory is still stressing the feature of public ecosystem service, paying attention to the necessity feature of government for purchasing the ecological compensation, however, it neglects the role of the mechanism of market, which can result in the absence of research on incentive and constraint mechanism of the ecological compensation, making the state of ecological compensation have low degree of market in practice, with the shortage of ecological compensation funds, low compensation efficiency and effectiveness as well. Although China has recognized the importance of the market mechanism, it still takes a long process from theory to practice. In this paper, it take the market mechanism as the starting point, making analysis on the advantages and disadvantages of ecological compensation funds, putting forward the PPP model of ecological compensation for raising funds, making research on ecological compensation and using PPP financing model to introduce market mechanism with the social capital, which can not only solve the source of funds for the ecological compensation, but also can improve the ecological compensation efficiency as well as effect, thus, it can play a guiding role both in theory and practice.