In this paper, a systematic review is made on our research related to photonics-assisted compressive sampling (CS) systems including principle, structure and applications. We demonstrate their utility in wideband spectrum sensing and high throughput flow cytometry. Photonics-assisted CS systems not only can significantly reduce the data acquisition rate but also can achieve a large operational bandwidth (several GHz or even a few tens of GHz), which is one to two orders of magnitude larger than that of traditional electric CS systems. Single-channel and multi-channel photonicsassisted CS systems are presented in this paper and demonstrated to enable accurate reconstruction of frequency-sparse signals from only a few percent of the measurements required for Nyquist sampling. On the other hand, we also implement time-stretch-based single-pixel imaging systems with high frame rates, three orders of magnitude faster than conventional single-pixel cameras. To show their utility in biomedical applications, a real-time high-throughput imaging flow cytometer is demonstrated. In general, photonics-assisted CS systems show great potential in both wideband spectrum sensing and biomedical imaging applications.
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