GENE-ENVIRONMENT INTERACTIONS AND CANCER RISK IN DOGS

摘要

A number of human cancers have strong associations with environmental toxins. The individual risk of developing cancer, however, is modified by genetic variability, including genes in pathways such as carcinogen bioactivation, xenobiotic detoxification, and DNA repair. Human cancers with well-established environmental links include lung cancer from tobacco smoke, colon cancer from heterocyclic amines in grilled meats, esophageal cancer and alcoholism, and hepatocellular carcinoma and aflatoxin exposure. Non-Hodgkin lymphoma (NHL) and transitional cell carcinoma (TCC) of the bladder are also associated with environmental toxins in human patients, and these tumors are common in dogs.