Approaches to the challenges of treating emissions at low temperatures

摘要

1. New catalyst formulations that have not been proven in automotive exhaust (1) Non-PGM catalysts (2) Mixed metal oxides 2. Relying on proven technologies, but continue to push boundaries through advanced techniques (1) Support effects using Pt-group metals (PGM) (2) Core-shell approaches (3) Binary/ternary catalysts resulting in synergistic 3. Trapping materials relying on periodic high temperature excursions (1) Aids in cold start emissions but also enables multi-mode approaches.