Limited knowledge of anomalous ionospheric gradients results in over-conservatism when assessing their impact on GBAS users. - PDGS for GAST-C assumes that worst-case combination of threat parameters exists with a probability of one. - Monte-Carlo analysis for GAST-D utilizes probabilistic "averaging" among only a few threat parameters. Better understanding of ionospheric behavior will lead to more effective mitigation techniques. - Improved knowledge of prior probability of ionospheric anomalies and statistical distribution of threat parameters should reduce conservatism of integrity risk evaluation. - Relationship between space weather indices and gradients can be utilized for real-time threat adaptation.
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