Birdsongs have been studied with increasing interest for language evolution; in particular, birds with relatively simple songs and several tens of song elements, such as Zebra finch and Bengalese finch, have been well-studied (Berwick, Okanoya, Beckers, & Bolhuis, 2011). It is, however, still unclear how birds with complex songs and a large repertoire learn and organize their songs, although there have been a number of qualitative studies (Todt & Hultsh, 1998).
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