Occurrence of Insecticide Biomarkers of Malathion in Produce and Their Absorption and Excretion in the Rat

摘要

@@ Malathion is an organophosphorus (OP) insecticide extensively used for agricultural pest control. Malathion diacid (MDA) and monoacid (MMA), dimethylphosphate (DMP), dimethylthiophosphate (DMTP) and dimethyldithiophosphate (DMDTP) are important urine biomarkers of malathion and organophosphorous insecticide exposure. However, these metabolites also are formed in produce. In 129 produce samples from the channels of trade, 127 contained more biomarkers than malathion. Under field conditions in Santa Maria, CA, malathion, MMA and MDA dissipated, while DMP, DMTP and DMDTP increased during a 20 d study period. Mole ratios of Biomarkers/CMalathion+Malaoxon) were always＞1 and increased from Day 4 to Day 23.