Fluorescent Dye-Labelled Polymer Synthesis by Nitroxide Mediated Radical Polymerization

摘要

New applications of polymers at advanced technologies demand increased requirements on their properties. These properties are influenced by molecular as well as supramolecular structure. Controlled radical polymerization mediated by stable nitroxides (NMP) or substituted alkoxyamines offers simple method for preparation of polymers with programmable structure of macromolecules which possess remarkable better physical as well as chemical properties. They can be used as a macro initiators for the synthesis of block copolymers. At the present time it has been generally accepted that the extent of "livingness" is high for all conversions [1-4]. To verify this statement a series of fluorescent dye-labelled regulators has been synthesized, spectrally characterized and used as the mediators of styrene and n-butyl acrylate polymerization. Direct quantification of dormant species concentration (extent of livingness) and calculation of molar mass of marked polymers was performed by absorption and/or emission spectroscopy. Controlled radical polymerization mediated by stable nitroxides bearing fluorescence mark represents unconventional approach for monitoring and evaluation of mechanism and kinetics of polymerization process. Results indicate that the extent of livingness is strongly influenced by conversion as well as mediator concentration. There is a clear tendency toward to decreasing amount of dormant species with increasing monomer conversion. Moreover, lower mediator concentration decreases livingness of polymerization process.