Integration of Microseismic Data, Fracture and Reservoir Simulation into the Development of Fractured Horizontal Wells in the Cardium Formation -A Tight Oil Case Study

摘要

Multi-fractured horizontal wells have heen used successfully to exploit tight gas and shale gas reservoirs in North America over the last decade. This technology has also been successfully implemented in tight oil reservoirs in recent years. Some of the prominent tight oil plays in Canada are the Cardium, Bakken and Viking formations. Higher oil prices and depleting conventional resources have challenged operators to exploit these tight oil resources. Some of the primary reservoir engineering challenges are the optimization of the fracture spacing along the length of a horizontal wellbore, and the spacing between the horizontal wells in a resource play. Three-dimensional reservoir simulation is the most reliable technique for reservoir modeling from these complex completions in permeability-challenged reservoirs. For an accurate representation, reservoir simulation requires data input from different sources to be incorporated into the model. In this study, microseismic data was integrated with a fracture-pumping operation to create a calibrated fracture model in a pseudo-3D fracture simulator. This fracture simulation model was subsequently imported into a multi-layer numerical reservoir model developed for the Cardium formation. The reservoir model was production matched using the fracture conductivities from the calibrated fracture model. The history-matched reservoir model was then used to understand production depletion in this tight oil reservoir. Sensitivity studies were conducted on the history-matched model for fracture and wellbore spacing optimization. An improvement in the recovery factor was shown when fracture spacing was reduced, and when wellbores were more closely spaced. The time to production interference between fractures and wellbores helps optimize the play. This paper presents the workflow (integrating microseismic and fracturing studies) and results of a 3D reservoir simulation study conducted on a fractured horizontal well in the Cardium tight oil formation.