Manitoba Hydro experienced two flashovers of "clean" FRP hot-sticks during cold weather 550 kV ac live-line work under steady-state system conditions. Subsequent laboratory testing demonstrated the reduced voltage withstand capability of the hot-stick resulting from extremely light levels (～2-3 μg/cm~2) of Equivalent Salt Deposit Density (ESDD) contamination, particularly under freezing conditions. Hot-stick hygiene protocols have been created to address threshold contamination levels. Further cold weather testing is planned to address Manitoba Hydro's full spectrum of field work to -22°C.
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