Eco-environmental Influence of Agriculture on the Protected Area for Water Supply of Cities - Taking the Yunlong Reservoir of Kunming City as a Example

摘要

The eco-environmental influence of the agriculture is one of the research hotspots of environmental protection science. The agriculture of the protected area for water supply has obvious contradiction with water resource protection, and its negative influence of eco-environment should not be neglected. The article took Yunlong reservoir of Kunming city as a example, and studied the eco-environmental influence of agriculture on the protected area for water supply of city with the methods of field work, statistics analysis, correlation analysis, quantitative and qualitative analysis, etc. The result showed that the total output of crops of water supply area declined by 30%, along with the 5.97% reduction of crops area, meanwhile, application rates of chemical fertilizer and pesticides rose by 17.2% and 25.9% respectively, the phenomenon of high input and low output became more conspicuous, moreover the development of the agriculture dos not contribute to the economy of the protected area for water supply to a large degree. These past changes have already led to a series of eco-environmental problems, such as the deteriorating of the quality of cultivated land, agricultural non-point source pollution, the decline of bio-diversity of farmlands, forestry destroying and water and soil erosion, etc. If this situation continue, the protected area for water supply will face severe challenge. These ways to deal with a situation, that is controlling the increasing of population, enforcing migration and relocation, controlling the agricultural non-point source pollution, properly using chemical fertilizer and pesticides, selecting suitable agricultural plant structure, founding the pollution monitoring and early warning system, enhancing returning cultivated land to forestry, strengthening the protection and construction wetlands, etc, will help to ease the negative eco-environmental influence of agriculture.