Reduced Bias and Threshold Choice in the Extremal Index Estimation through Resampling Techniques

摘要

In Extreme Value Analysis there are a few parameters of particular interest among which we refer to the extremal index, a measure of extreme events clustering. It is of great interest for initial dependent samples, the common situation in many practical situations. Most semi-parametric estimators of this parameter show the same behavior: nice asymptotic properties but a high variance for small values of k, the number of upper order statistics used in the estimation and a high bias for large values of k. The Mean Square Error, a measure that encompasses bias and variance, usually shows a very sharp plot, needing an adequate choice of k. Using classical extremal index estimators considered in the literature, the emphasis is now given to derive reduced bias estimators with more stable paths, obtained through resampling techniques. An adaptive algorithm for estimating the level k for obtaining a reliable estimate of the extremal index is used. This algorithm has shown good results, but some improvements are still required. A simulation study will illustrate the properties of the estimators and the performance of the adaptive algorithm proposed.