DH expansion potentials exist in most European countries, but show substantial regional differences; Even in an ambitious efficiency scenario, significant DH potentials remain; Assuming a TES dimensioned to cover 12 hours of peak demand in each DH network, the overall storage capacity reaches up to 12 PJ; Dispatchable CHP generation can contribute considerably to the integration of intermittent RE; Electric boilers in CHP-TES systems compete with other balancing options such as transmission and H_2-Electrolysis; Depending on the costs, the electric boilers might only be used when significant surpluses are generated, which cannot be exported; Impact on European scale yet to be assessed; Role of CHP in systems with high RE share will be analysed further concerning: Dispatchable CHP operation enabled by TES; Solar district heating; "wind heat".
展开▼
