Statistical physical approach to describe the collective properties of dislocations

摘要

The concept of dislocation was introduced by Polanyi, Orovan and Taylor in 1934 to explain the almost three orders of magnitude difference between the measured and theoretically estimated flow stress of crystalline materials. During the next 20-30 years, thanks to the contribution of a vast number of scientists, the theory of dislocations was successfully applied to explain several properties of the plastic deformation observed experimentally. Among other things the basic phenomena leading to work and precipitation hardening were understood [1, 2, 3].