Research on Intellectual Property Rights on Plant Genetic Resources from Economic Perspective

摘要

Given the existence of transaction costs, the location of a property rights is an important factor in determining the incentives for efficient levels of investment at various levels of the industry. This article applies some of the economic theory of property rights and industrial structure to the issues concerning the conservation of biodiversity. Although the expansion of 1PR systems into the area of genetic resources has increased private investment in R&D process of the agriculture, it does not generate enough incentives for in situ conservation of biodiversity. To solve this economic inefficiency, farmers' rights and other design of incentives and institutional arrangement should be reconsidered.