We have summarized some of the recent results, including studies for bulk, confined and interfacial water. By analyzing a cell model within a mean field approximation and with Monte Carlo simulations, we have showed that all the scenarios proposed for water's P–T phase diagram may be viewed as special cases of a more general scheme. In particular, our study shows that it is the relationship between H bond strength and H bond cooperativity that governs which scenario is valid. The investigation of the properties of metastable liquid water under pressure could provide essential information that could allow us to understand the mechanisms ruling the anomalous behavior of water. This understanding could, ultimately, lead us to the explanation of the reasons why water is such an essential liquid for life.
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