ULTRA LOW SULFUR FUELS – IMPACTS OF ADVANCED HDS STRATEGIES ON AUTOMOTIVE EMISSIONS, FUEL ECONOMY AND ENERGY SECURITY

摘要

An aggressive wave of sulfur reductions in gasoline and diesel fuels was mandated by the Clean Air Act of 1990 and began to be implemented in late 1999. This set the nation, refiners and vehicle manufacturers on a course that has led to the deployment of extremely low emission vehicles. It is now a routine matter to find an ultra low emissions vehicle based on either a spark ignition engine or a diesel engine. This dramatic reduction in the tailpipe emissions from new on-road vehicles was enabled substantially by the EPA low sulfur fuels regulations (1).