Size Distribution Determination of Nanoparticles and Nanosized Pores by Small-Angle X-Ray Scattering on a Multi-Purpose X-ray Diffractometer Platform

摘要

A multi-purpose X-ray diffractometer platform was configured for small-angle X-ray scattering (SAXS) measurements. This technique was applied for nanoparticle and pore size distribution determination in nanopowders, colloidal dispersions, nanocomposites and porous materials in a range of 1-100 nm. It is extremely versatile and yields truly ensemble-averaged results from a large sample volume, does not require knowledge about the refractive index or any other physical properties, and it is applicable to crystalline and amorphous materials alike. Furthermore sample preparation is minimal. Advanced data analysis software allows to reveal complex multimodal size distributions with unrivaled resolution. Data acquisition and analysis can be automated for routine production control. The instrument platform used can be reconfigured within minutes for a multitude of complementary X-ray analytical techniques, such as powder diffraction, thin film analysis, and computed tomography.