Gender aspects in Mild cognitive Impairment (MCI) to Alzheimer's Disease (AD) conversion. A Romanian epidemiological study.

摘要

A particular matter in the mild cognitive impairment (MCI) to Alzheimer's disease (AD) conversion refers to the gender differences regarding the clinical phenotype, comorbidity and risk factors. Our study was fulfilled on 60 MCI subjects and assessed the risk factors and co-morbidity pre-valence in MCI patients de-pending on sex). Hypertension and dyslipidemia seem to be the main risk factors for MCI to AD progression. The sex-dependent comorbidity distribution is evident at baseline (except transient ischemic attack, all comorbidities prevailed in women). During 3 years follow up the women percent exhibiting hypertension, dyslipidemia, angina pectoris, transient ischemic attack, and diabetes type II significantly decreased, while those afflicted by osteoporosis and hypothyroidism increased. The lack of significant changes in the co-morbidities' of men, and the slight increased incidence of hypertension and transient ischemic attack in men need further clarification. Depression incidence is also sex dependent: 13% in women as against 3% in men at baseline, and increasing in the former from 13% to 20% during the follow up. No percent modification was registered in men. Depression needs to be differentiated from that of the subjects with depression-related cognitive impairment. The total amount of 23% patients with depression in our study could suggest that these subjects should not be excluded from the cohorts for preclinical Alzheimer studies.