A simplified method to estimate the maximum uplift displacement of a manhole and settlements of backfill soil under liquefaction is proposed. The method is derived based on the mechanism of uplifting of a manhole under undrained condition of backfill soil. It also has a capability of estimating effectiveness of countermeasures against uplifting by considering excess pore water pressure ratio and/or unit weight of backfill soil. In the present study, however, estimation for the case of no countermeasure is verified through comparison with experimental results. Results show that measured uplift displacements and settlements are confined within the boundary predicted by the proposed method.
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