The carcinogenic potential of chlorine disinfection byproducts (DBPs) and recent changes in water quality regulations have led to a greater emphasis on alternative disinfection mechanisms. More specifically, the promulgation of the Long Term 2 Enhanced Surface Water Treatment Rule (LT2ESWTR) and the Stage 2 Disinfectant and Disinfection Byproducts Rule (D/DBPR) in the United States may force water utilities to implement more extensive treatment technologies to remain in full regulatory compliance. One of the most common alternatives to chlorine disinfection, particularly in wastewater treatment plants, is ultraviolet (UV) light (Hijnen et al., 2006). However, UV disinfection lacks a disinfectant residual capable of preventing pathogen repair and regrowth in drinking water distribution systems. Therefore, the optimal solution may be a combination of techniques capable of inactivating a broad suite of pathogens, destroying disinfection byproduct precursors and providing a sufficient residual.
展开▼
