Energy Startups in Japan, Norway, and USA; Difficulties at Startup, Impact of Deregulation, and Entrepreneurship

摘要

This paper examines the impact of electrical utility industry deregulation on energy startup companies in Japan, Norway, and USA. A total of 267 entrepreneurs are surveyed on topics ranging from difficulties in startup period, and impact of deregulation, to what entrepreneurs believe best will promote entrepreneurship. Major findings from a three-way ANOVA analysis are presented; with discussions around international differences, company age, and deregulation status. Topics such as difficulties at startup, technology and marketing progress after deregulation, and changes in entry barriers are analyzed in detail. Questions without statistical significant differences are also presented and international conclusions drawn, as well as a discussion of this research's possible consequences for people working in this field.