Solvent Extraction of the Basis Non-ferrous Metals with Bifunctional Agents

摘要

Nowadays problems of complex use of mineral and technogenous raw materials become more actual. During hydrometallurgical reworking of raw material solutions are being created which contain non-ferrous metals, and their separation and concentration are possible with extraction methods. Bifunctional phenol- containing agents are used as extractants characterized by selectivity, low solubility in water solutions, ability of preserving extraction characteristics over a long period of time of use, chemical stability in acid and alkaline solutions and relative cheapness. Lead and zinc are extracted with similar agents from alkaline and ammoniac solutions in the interval of pH 8-14 (epsilon_(Me) = 98-99 percent) and are not separated at the stage of extraction. Extractant preservs stability and extraction characteristics in the limits of concentration of caustic soda up to 4 mol/dm~3. With physical and chemical methods of research we established the chelat mechanism of extraction. Basing on the forms of metal ion state in water solution and also on investigation of the mechanism of extraction we offered empirical formulas of chelat complexes of extractant with metal ions. Lead and zinc separation is offered to carry out at the stage of re-extraction with mineral acids with production of final target products. Thus, phenol- containing agents may be recommended for concentration and separation of heavy non-ferrous metals in the course of reworking of industrial solutions of complex composition.