CONCEPT OF COMPLEX DECOMMISSIONING OF CIVIL NUCLEAR POWERED SURFACE SHIPS AND MAINTENANCE VESSELS

摘要

Practical solution of the challenges related to complex decommissioning of NPSS has become rather topical in recent years. So far "Lenin" NIB and "Sibir" NIB (being formally still in service) have been stored afloat; standard service life and the resource of main equipment and SPI systems of "Arctica" NIB expired in 2000. Due to expiration of SPI standard resource (100 000 hours) all presently operating NIBs are to be taken out of service from 2004 to 2009. Implementation of SPI resource prolongation measures up to 150 000 hours and their service life extension up to 30 years would allow postponing the onset of NIB withdrawal from service until 2010-2015. The only option of RC equipment management has been implemented so far providing for preparing of the taken-out-of-service NIB to protracted (10 - 15 years) waterborne storage on the berth of "Atomflot". The whole scope of preparatory works, including in-dock overhaul, is performed at "Atomflot". Appropriate complex decommissioning of civil nuclear ships including processing and disposal of contaminated equipment and materials would be only possible if a special federal program were developed and implemented with the participation of interested agencies. Such a program should provide for construction of a specialized up-to-date ship-cutting enterprise to conduct works in compliance with the present-day radioecological safety requirements. Of a variety of complex decommissioning options considered in the paper, the most promising options are: -NIB in-dock cutting and making up of RC unit complying with the requirements on its transfer for long-term storage and -making up of the "nose part" and the "stern part" of NIB prepared to transfer at scrap-metal enterprises for subsequent cutting. After "Atomflot" procurement with a floating dock, design 'V960', a new opportunity has emerged on considerable extension of the scope of work on complex decommissioning of NPSS at "Atomflot" down to making up of floating RC unit. However such works would require important capital investments for further development of the enterprise including extension of work sections, storage facilities, sanitary and utility areas, etc.