We study the composition and substitution of services from a theoretical perspective. An important notion is the operating guideline of a service y, which is defined as the set of services x such that the result of connecting x and y has a certain desired property. We define several related notions and derive results for them in a general context, thus abstracting from the underlying formalism, be it process algebra, Petri nets or something else. We then focus on the open Petri-net (and oWFN) formalism, and address the automated generation of adapters.
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