Since its discovery almost 20 years ago, optical trapping has played a major role in a variety of biophysical explorations. These investigations have capitalized on the ability of optical traps to manipulate matter, as well as their ability to measure tiny forces of biological interest. Holographic optical trapping extends the power of standard optical trapping by allowing the creation of enormous numbers of traps, each independently steerable in three dimensions. This enables the massive parallelization of techniques performed with single optical traps. However, beyond these quantitative improvements, holographic optical trapping also opens new application space in biotechnology and nanotechnology.
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