The injury repairings of the peripheral nerves are still unsatisfactory. The ideal treatment is the neurorrhaphy trying to coapt the stumps in an acute phase. In the great segmentary losses or in the avulsions of roots of the branchial plexus, the neurotizations and the long autologus grafts are used, but they always cause sequelae in the donor's area. The lateral-ending neurorrhaphy is an alternative treatment, therefore it has as objective the reestablishment of the function of the injured nerve, without promoting damage to the donor's area. It would be an excellent strategy, if it were not surrounded by doubts and controversies. In this study, we use 20 male Wistar rats, divided in two groups of 10. We dry up a segment of 1.0 cm of the tibial nerve and the we coapt it in the lateral face of the sciatic D, neurotizing the adjacent musculature. Group 1 without epineural window, group 2 with epineural window. After 4 weeks, the histological study of the grafted segment and the sciatic nerve was carried through. The results had demonstrated absence of statistically significant difference between the two groups. Both contained rare myelinated fibrae. We concluded that the lateral-ending neurorrhaphy, with or without epineural window, does not promote efficient distal remyelinization.
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