It is well known that ice acts as a catalyst in heterogeneous physical/chemical reactions, which is important in interstellar phenomenon, life in cryosphere and global climate[,3]. Adsorption and melting of ice surface is related to the fundamental question of the reactive and catalytic properties of atmospheric ice associated with environment-related issues. Despite ice being a ubiquitous and well-studied substance, it is surprising that some basic questions about its surface properties and structure are still debated. Here I will introduce a proton order parameter for ice surface and then will show its effect on ice surface adsorption and melting based on first-principles calculation down to atomic scale.
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