A one dimensional, numerical analysis that considers the heat transfer between the pulse tube walls and the internal working fluid has been performed to incorporate DC flow and shuttle heat loss mechanisms in a 5-valve G-M type pulse tube refrigerator model. All of the physical dimensions and operating conditions associated with three refrigeration systems built at UW-Madison have been used to provide input information for a 1st and 2nd order numerical analysis. The 1st order numerical analysis assumes that the pulse-tube is adiabatic and predicts the pressure, temperatures and mass flow rates at any time and location during a cycle. The gas and wall temperature profiles are subsequently modified by a 2nd order analysis that considers more realistic thermal behavior in the pulse-tube by explicitly modeling the heat transfer interaction between the fluid and the wall. Three different convective heat transfer correlations have been considered. The 2nd order analysis allows the calculation of various losses including DC flow and shuttle heat transfer in order to predict actual performances of the systems. The comparisons of the numerical model with a series of experimental results display very good agreement across significantly different system geometries and operating conditions.
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