Regulatory model to accommodate distributed and renewable resources in a challenging economic situation: Brazilian experience

摘要

The Brazilian Energy policy established as goal the guaranty of supply in a sustainable manner and at reasonable costs for the entire population. The Federal Government's medium and long term plans seek to establish guidelines on structural decisions, which are of fundamental importance in guiding market investments. Therefore, it is necessary to try to identify bottlenecks and propose durable measures that, in addition to using widely the facilities that will be built, within their useful life, should consider other alternatives to remedy the problem. In view of this reality, the present work evaluates the role of distributed generation (DG) and renewable resources in Brazil and the regulatory development proposed by the Regulary Brazilian Energy Agency - ANEEL: Normative Resolutions 482/2012, wich establishes the general conditions for access of Micro mini-generation distributed Systems into electricity distribution, and power compensation system ; 517/2012, wich implement rule modifications in the Resolutions 482/2012 and in quality measures for the power system; and 687/2015, that simplify procedures and gives more flexity to the use of energy entrying the system. The adopted research methodology for the study is based on qualitative, exploratory and explanatory. It is noted that many challenges are encountered by those who seek such participation in the provision of energy to the network, from lack of information to deficiency of regulation, and more specifically, an additional barrier to be faced, is the differences of interpretation among power distributors in the distributed generation connection process. There are some initiatives in the tax field, such as the exemption of the Tax on Sales and Services (ICMS) for consumers who implant an energy system for their own consumption. However, the cost still remains high so that the power consumer doesn't see distributed generation as a real opportunity to gain from the installation.