NATIONAL EXPERIENCES IN SITING WASTE MANAGEMENT FACILITIES IN SWEDEN

摘要

It is now more than 25 years since a co-ordinated nuclear waste management programme was set up in Sweden. Deep geological disposal of spent nuclear fuel in crystalline bedrock is the preferred option and an extensive R&D programme has been performed. A stepwise approach is being applied to development, technical demonstration and implementation of the disposal system. Siting related experiences within the Swedish programme encompass the following: 1. Deep drilling programme at 11 study sites (1977-1985); 2. Siting of the intermediate storage facility for spent fuel, CLAB (1976-1979); 3. Siting of the final repository for low and medium level waste, SFR (1980-1983); 4. Siting of the Aespoe Hard Rock Laboratory, HRL (1986-1990); 5. Feasibility studies to site a deep repository for spent fuel on a voluntary basis in eight municipalities (1993-2001). Site specific investigations for the deep repository in two of these municipalities were started early this year (2002) following a clear majority vote within the concerned municipality councils in favour of further participation in the siting process.