Bacteria are everywhere in the cooling water system environment. Controlling bacterial populations in the bulk water and on cooling system surfaces is necessary to maintain and operate the cooling system properly. Control of microorganisms in the field depends on the successful application of antimicrobial agents. However, bacterial resistance to biocides is inevitable and irreversible, a natural consequence of bacterial adaptation to exposure to antimicrobials. This paper presents mechanisms of bacterial resistance to biocides, strategies of overcoming resistant cell populations, and a supportive case history using biocides successfully against resistant bacteria.
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