Metal-organic frameworks (MOFs) and porous organic polymers as solid-state adsorbents have advanced significantly during the last two decades on account of their high surface areas and pore volumes, chemical and thermal stabilities, and the flexibility in their design and composition. Such features render these materials attractive and promising alternatives over traditional adsorbents in applications including gas storage, gas separations and capture, and catalysis. For instance, in order to facilitate the widespread use of alternative energy sources, new materials that can store large quantities of energy needs to be developed. Highly efficient and selective adsorption of contaminants at vanishingly low concentrations is also a significant environmental and industrial challenge that requires the discovery of solid-state adsorbents with high affinities. In the field of catalysis for energy-related conversions, there is a necessity to develop platforms that can achieve selective transformations in a level that biological systems accomplish. In order to address these challenges, MOFs and porous polymers have the potential to provide the desired combination of structural and chemical composition; therefore the fundamental understanding of structure-property relationship in these materials is highly important in identifying the next-generation materials in energy research.
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