Grout pressures around a tunnel lining

摘要

At the rear of many tunnel boring machines an annular space is being created that has to be filled with grout. The grouting process is of importance with respect to subsurface settlements. The grouting pressures determine both the loading on the tunnel lining and the loading on the soil around the tunnel. Calculation models are presented to calculate the pressure distribution in the grout directly after the tunnel boring machine when grout flow determines the pressure and several meters from the tunnel boring machine when buoyancy forces dominate.